In recent years, consumers have become increasingly concerned about the ethical implications of their food choices, particularly regarding animal welfare. Food labels play a critical role in informing these decisions, but not all labels are created equal. Understanding the various labels and certifications can empower consumers to make choices that align with their values and promote better living conditions for animals. 

The term “free-range” often evokes images of chickens roaming freely outdoors. However, the reality can be very different. While free-range conditions are generally better than conventional farming, the amount, duration, and quality of outdoor access can fluctuate. This means that the free-range label, though indicative of improved conditions, can sometimes be misleading without additional context. It’s important to distinguish “free-range” from “cage-free”, indicating that hens are not kept in cages, but without guaranteeing outdoor access. While cage-free systems typically allow for more movement and natural behaviours than caged systems, overcrowding and indoor confinement can still be significant issues. 

A label frequently found on beef and dairy products is the “grass-fed” one. While it implies that animals have been fed primarily grass rather than grain, the specifics can vary. Finally, organic labels ensure that animals are raised without antibiotics or synthetic hormones and have access to the outdoors. Organic farming practices usually offer better living conditions than conventional methods, although the extent of these benefits can also vary. While organic standards are regulated, they primarily focus on feed and medication rather than the quality of outdoor access, leaving some room for interpretation. 

Certifications like Certified Humane and Animal Welfare Approved (AWA) offer more stringent assurances. Certified Humane requires farmers to adhere to strict animal welfare standards, including ample space, shelter, and gentle handling, with regular audits and compliance checks. Similarly, the AWA certification is known for its rigorous standards, promoting the highest welfare standards, including pasture access and humane slaughter practices. 

Navigating this label maze requires consumers to take several proactive steps. Firstly, it’s essential to research and educate oneself about different labels and what they signify – and this is what we’re here for! Prioritising products with recognised third-party certifications like Certified Humane and AWA, also provide more reliable assurances of animal welfare.  

Understanding the limitations of certain labels is equally important. Some labels, like “natural” or “humanely raised,” are not regulated and can be used as marketing tools without substantial welfare improvements. 

Supporting local and small-scale farms is another effective strategy. Whenever possible, buying directly from local farmers or at farmers’ markets allows consumers to ask about farming practices. Smaller farms often have more transparent and humane practices, and direct interaction can provide more detailed information. 

Finally, advocating for better standards by supporting organisations that work towards improving animal welfare standards and lobbying for stronger regulations can contribute to broader systemic change. This advocacy can improve conditions for more animals in the long term. 

In conclusion, food labels can be a powerful tool for promoting animal welfare, but understanding their true meaning is essential. By educating themselves about the various labels and seeking out reliable certifications, consumers can make choices that support better living conditions for animals. Additionally, advocating for more transparent and stringent labelling standards can help ensure that animal welfare continues to improve across the food industry. 

Francesca Cogo